What is the difference between polyester enameled wire and polyurethane enameled wire?

Wire enamel insulating varnish is a kind of paint that can produce a good insulation layer between the wires in the winding. It is mainly used for the outer layer of bare copper wire, alloy wire and glass wire covered wire of various wire diameters to improve and stabilize the performance of enameled wire.

Principle: Water molecule (HHO) decomposes water into oxygen and hydrogen through electrolysis. Hydrogen is combustible. Oxygen supports combustion. These two gases are ignited to form a hydrogen-oxygen flame. In layman’s terms, “water turns into fire”

The temperature resistance of composite enameled wire can reach above 520 degrees.
Composite enameled wire is an ideal wrapping wire for large-scale low-voltage and high-current electrical appliances such as power oil-immersed, dry-type, special transformers, electric welding machines, reactor rectifiers, electromagnetic separators, etc., with excellent electrical performance and stability.

An electrical motor is one kind of machine which is used to change the energy from electrical to mechanical. Most of the motors work on the principle of interaction among the electric current as well as the magnetic field within a wire winding. This can generate force in the form of shaft rotation. These motors can be powered with DC or AC sources. The DC sources are batteries whereas the AC sources are inverters, power grids, generators. A generator is mechanically similar to the motor but works in the reverse direction by converting the energy from mechanical to electrical. An electric motor can be built with the rotor, stator, air gap, windings, bearings, & commutator. The classification of motors can be done with considerations like the type of power source, construction, motion output type, and applications. This article discusses what is a motor winding, types, and its calculation.

Enameled wire is a main type of winding wire. It consists of a conductor and an insulating layer. After the bare wire is softened by annealing, it is painted and baked many times. However, it is not easy to produce products that not only meet the requirements of the standard, but also meet the requirements of customers. It is affected by the quality of raw materials, process parameters, production equipment, environment and other factors. Therefore, the quality characteristics of various enameled wires are different, but they all have Mechanical properties, chemical properties, electrical properties, and thermal properties are four major properties.

Speaking of the copper enameled wire, I believe everyone should know. Today, we introduce you to a wire, ie the copper paint package. Let us simply look at the transportation and preservation of copper-clad aluminum wires, because if many wires are transported incorrect, it is very likely to be used, so let us simply understand the transportation and preservation of the copper paint wire, so you can be here.

The samples for tensile and thermal shock testing were 3 pieces of 254mm enameled wire.

First pull the enameled wire to the required elongation at a rate of 3.7-4.6 m/sec, then wrap the jerked sample around the mandrel, and then put the wrapped sample into the oven at the specified temperature for 30 minutes. It needs to be suspended in the oven. After leaving the oven, inspect the baked samples for cracking or peeling of the paint film. In this test, the diameter of the mandrel is usually 3 times the diameter of the enameled wire.

The specified temperature of the oven is set according to the temperature specified for the enameled wire of this ANSI Type in the NEMA MW1000 standard, which is usually the temperature grade of the enameled wire +20¡ãC.

The samples for the dielectric strength test are also twisted pairs, and the number is 5 pairs. During the test, the voltage was applied at a boosting rate of 500V/S until breakdown, and the voltage at the time of breakdown was recorded. The requirements for dielectric strength in the NEMA MW1000 standard will vary according to different wire diameters, different paint film thicknesses, and different enameled wire types.

The enameled wire paint coats up to 30 layers of copper and aluminum wires to provide electrical insulation and help avoid short circuits in the coil. Such enameled wire paint must also have excellent chemical resistance and high temperature resistance, must have excellent adhesion with copper or aluminum wires, and also have excellent mechanical stability.
In some cases, such as for motors driven by frequency converters, a suitable insulation layer should be able to resist partial discharges that may cause short circuits and malfunctions in the engine.

Polyimide Kapton Covered Enameled Aluminum Wire Strip is a multi-layer polyimide & fluoropolymer dispersion-coated film. The fluoropolymer coating functions as a heat-fusible layer for bonding to magnet wire conductors. It has superior scrape abrasion resistance and exhibits lower frictional properties than wire insulated with other commonly used polyimide materials. Polyimide film aluminum wire is ideal for demanding magnet wire applications and for difficult-to-wind motors.

Aromatic polyimide enameled wire has good heat resistance, softening breakdown resistance, radiation resistance, severe cold resistance and chemical resistance. Among them, many test indicators such as unidirectional scratching, breakdown voltage, and thermal softening are far Far better than ordinary enameled wire.

The wire drawing metal processing technology can form fine lines on the surface of the metal material, which makes the metal more textured, and is used as a decoration by users and is well-loved. In the production process, the drawing lubricating fluid is indispensable in the drawing metal processing technology. It is widely used in the lubrication of the middle drawing, small drawing and micro drawing of enameled copper wire. So how to choose this kind of drawing fluid?

Generally speaking, UL certified enameled wire needs to do four tests:
Thermal Aging Test (Full Thermal Aging Test or One Temperature Thermal Aging Test)
Dielectric Strength Test
Elongation and Heat Shock Test
Infrared Analysis – IR

The paper covered wire is a type of enameled wire that is extruded or pulled by an oxygen-free copper rod or an electrical circular aluminum rod, and then annealing the wire, and then winding two layers or two layers of insulating on the copper (aluminum) conductor.Paper (including telephone paper, cable paper, high voltage cable paper, turns], suitable for oil immersion transformer coils and other similar electrical windings.Electrical bare copper (aluminum) wires produced by extrusion process are the most ideal materials for the production of cable paper wraps.

Copper Clad Aluminum Wire is a new enameled wire, is composed of aluminum conductor covered with copper materials, maybe self-bonding, also called self-bonding enameled wire. And the short word is ECCA.

1. Mechanical function: including elongation, return angle, softness and adhesion, scraping, tensile strength and other items.
2. Heat resistance: including thermal shock and softening breakdown test.
3. Electricity includes: breakdown voltage, lacquer film continuity and DC resistance test.
4. Chemical resistance includes solvent resistance and welding.

Copper paint package wire production process principle

Copper lacquer wires are coated with respective lacquer solutions, and then cured by solvent volatilization and paint film.The earliest enamel wire is oily painted wire, made from tung oil.Its paint film is abrasion resistant, and cannot be used directly to make motor coils and windings, and the cotton yarn can be added to the layer.Later, polyethylene glycol formaldehyde lacquer wire came out, and its mechanical properties were greatly improved, which can be used directly for motor windings, which is called high-strength enameled wire.

Enameled wire motors, electrical appliances, home appliances, communications, electronic information, instrumentation, power tools, automobiles and other industries provide supporting basic material industries. They are the main and key raw materials for electromagnetic windings of motors and electronic instruments. The rapid development of electronic products, etc., has brought a broader application field and market to enameled wires, but at the same time, higher requirements have been put forward for enameled wires, and enameled wires have continued to develop towards a high level and high quality.

British Standard Wire Gauge (often abbreviated to Standard Wire Gauge or SWG) is a unit for denoting wire size given by BS 3737:1964 (now withdrawn). It is also known as the Imperial Wire Gauge or British Standard Gauge. Use of SWG sizes has fallen greatly in popularity, but they are still used as a measure of thickness in guitar strings and some electrical wire. Cross sectional area in square millimetres is now the more usual size measurement for wires used in electrical installation cables. The current British Standard for metallic materials such as wire and sheet is BS 6722:1986, which is a solely metric standard.

Telephone cable is usually thought of only as a communication medium operating at a normal 48 Vdc level. But telephone cable is regularly used by telephone operating companies to supply power to remote telephony equipment such as: PCM (Pulse Code Modulation) repeaters, FDM (Frequency Division Modulation) repeaters, telegraph and various types of control circuits. The normal talk battery voltage is regularly exceeded in the case of long subscriber loops utilizing loop extenders and on dial long line circuits which operate in the 70 to 100 Vdc range. For these applications, the referenced devices are generally current limited to approximately 150 milliamps. In all such cases, normal telephone industry practice usually limits pair-toground applied voltage to 150 Vdc, and pair-to-pair voltage is usually limited to 300 Vdc.

Winding wires used in electrical equipment are usually called magnetic wires. In other words, “magnetic wires are used to exchange electrical energy and magnetic energy.” Magnetic wire is roughly divided into enameled wire (insulation coated) and coated wire (fiber/film insulation) and their combinations. The two types of magnetic wires and their performance are very different. ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) B193, no more than 0.017241 ohm (square millimeter/meter), the film or coating should meet the latest version of ANSI, ASTM or NEMA applicable standards, and modify the specified resin. The modified resin is Chemically changed resin, or containing one or more additives to retain the basic chemical characteristics of the original resin to enhance certain performance or application characteristics, the coated conductor needs to meet all the required test requirements of the appropriate NEMA standard (UL certification project) .

Enameled aluminum wire ,High resistance to heat shock, high temperature and good performace at softening breakdown, suitable for high-speed automated routing, able to be direct weld, with no pinhole, resistive to high frequency, wearing, refrigerants and electronics corona, high breakdown voltage

High Temperature Aluminum Magnet Wire (Anodized aluminium wire) belongs to the special electromagnetic wire and the insulation layer is the aluminum oxide . Because of no thermal aging phenomenon, it can be used as insulation level of class 220.
The insulation layer of such product is thin, high temperature resistance and insulation performance stability,which is the best choice for low voltage winding wires with producing high temperature, poor environment, heat dissipation difficulty and so on.
It can widely be used in electromagnetic industries at home and abroad.

3.1 Elongation:
The standard refers to GB/T6109, inspection method: stretch the instrument
Calculation method: ratio of (length after stretching-length before stretching)/length before stretching;

3.2 Snap off:
The standard is to pull at a speed of 2 meters per second to check that the paint film is not cracked,

3.3 Round rod winding:
Wrap the enameled wires of different specifications and the corresponding copper rods around ten times to check that the paint film is not cracked. The diameter of the copper rods refers to the requirements of GB/T6109;

3.4 Thermal shock: Put the winding enameled wire in an oven (hanging in the middle of the oven) for 0.5 hours. The temperature of the oven corresponds to the specification requirements of the enameled wire. Refer to GB/T6109. After the drying, check that the paint film is not cracked.

Enameled round aluminum wire is made of oxygen free rod or electrical aluminum rod by a certain size of the die drawing or extrusion of the wire, the insulation paint through many times of the winding wire. Mainly used in winding of transformers, motors, generators, and various electrical devices.

Paper Wrapped Aluminum wire Production Process

One step :
Take the pure aluminum material drawing into the aluminium rod wire;

Two step :
Through the extrusion production line, take the aluminum rod wire into extruding and coarse drawing operation, then becoming the requirement specification of Bare aluminium wire;

Three step :
Take up the Bare aluminum wire conductor, and inspection the bare wire coil products;

Four step :
Annealing the bare aluminum wire, and placed neatly, ready to production;

Five step :
Doing the digital dividing and cutting paper process and finished;
Pay-off the wire coil products, ready to paper covering production;

Six step :
Taking into straightening and tension lenvelling operation, ready to paper winding;

Seven step :
Taking into the paper winding operation, and then for inspecion;

Eight step :
Pulling the finished paper-covered wire, and then for take-up the wire coil , ready to packing.

The lacquered wire is composed of two of the conductor and the insulating layer. After the bare wire is deck, after multiple painting, baking.The enameled wire can be used in transformers, motors, motors, electrical, ballasts, inductance coils, disadvantages, audio coils, microwave coils, electric fans, instrumentation, and the like.

Nomex Paper Covered Copper Aluminium Enameled Wire is a kind of electromagnetic wire, which is specially used to manufacture winding coils of various oil-immersed transformers. It has good insulation on the outside and good conductivity on the inside. It is the heart of the transformer.

There are some differences between polyester enameled wire and polyurethane enameled wire in terms of use occasions and performance:
Polyester enameled wire, composed of copper conductor and polyester resin, has a thermal class of 130, and after modification, the thermal class of the enameled wire is 155. It has good mechanical strength, paint film adhesion, excellent electrical, scratch resistance, chemical resistance, thermal stability and solvent resistance. It is widely used in various motors, electrical appliances, meters, telecommunications equipment and home appliances; the weakness of this product is poor thermal shock resistance and low moisture resistance.

Polyurethane enameled wire, thermal grade is 130,155,180. The biggest feature is that it has direct solderability, good high frequency resistance, easy coloring, and good moisture resistance. It is widely used in electronic appliances, precision instruments, telecommunications, and meters. The weakness of this product is that the mechanical strength is slightly poor, and the heat resistance is not high. , And the flexibility and adhesion of the production of large-size wires are poor, so the specifications of the product are mostly small and medium-sized wires.

List 5 type of enameled wire characteristics
Acetal enameled wire
Polyurethane enameled wire
Polyester and modified polyester enameled wire
Polyesterimide/polyamide imide composite enameled wire
Polyesterimide/polyamide composite enameled wire